We all enjoy the chill blasting from the car’s vents, particularly if we need to survive the hot and humid climate. We do not wish to take it to smog test centres unnecessarily. If the car AC is turned on and it blows cool and refreshing air, the entire journey becomes easy and enjoyable. But, no car comes with an ice machine, full of many ice cubes. The cold air that we receive from the AC vents is transformed from the hot air. The hot air has to go through various steps to transform into the cool and fresh air.
During my auto repair and service in California, I was told that the Thermodynamic process involved here is what maintains the temperature inside your car room. The pressure is involved and changes the temperature inside. To understand how the system works, we have to know about the major elements involved
The major components used in Car’s AC are as follows:
Compressor
The compressor of the AC is the heart. It strengthens the pressure of the refrigerant so that it can convert vapour refrigerant into a liquid refrigerant. The liquid refrigerant allows the overall flow of air through the condenser.
Condenser
The condenser is a tiny device that regulates condensing. If you wish to set the car’s temperature to low or high, liquid refrigerant transmitted by the compressor has to face the convection force produced by the radiator fan or by a separated fan. This force helps in regulating it.
Expansion Valve
Expansion Valve helps to expand the high pressure, by transferring low-temperature liquid refrigerant by the condenser. As the name suggests, it manages the expansion and reduces the pressure. It releases the pressure from the refrigerant before sending it to the evaporator.
Evaporator
The evaporator is placed behind the AC vent and seems to be the heat exchanger. The evaporator collects the heat from the car and transforms it into liquid refrigerant by changing it into vapour. Then one can take the pleasure of cooling through the fan inside the passenger’s section.
Orifice Tube
As observed during an auto repair in California, the orifice tube is cone-shaped and limits the flow of refrigerant. It lets the refrigerant convert high to low-pressure liquid refrigerant mist before entering the evaporator.
Receiver Dryer
Receiver Dryer is the safety catch as it preserves safety in the car. If we use the Air conditioner, sometimes liquid begins flowing towards the compressor rather than vapours, which can harm the compressor. So the receiver dryer is applied to insert the compressor and evaporator to convert the remaining liquid into vapours and then send it for compression.
AC Inline Filter
The air conditioning inline filter kit captures wreckage and provides you with the cleaned air.
AC Refrigerant
Refrigerants have a low boiling point and are employed by the AC for heat exchanging. It is in fluid form, so altering the temperature becomes very simple with it. At low temperatures, the refrigerant transforms into a gaseous form, while it stays liquid at a high temperature.
Accumulator
Accumulator bears the refrigerant. It dries the refrigerants bag by removing moisture from it and then spreads it inside the car.
How does Car AC work?
Now, you should know how every component of the Car AC helps Car AC work sequentially.
The entire work starts with the Compressor. It squeezes or pressurizes the refrigerant and transforms it into the liquid from its gaseous state.
The compressed liquid refrigerant must pass through specific tubes in the condenser. Here, the fresh air from outside comes in contact with liquid refrigerant. The condenser features a high-temperature liquid. So there is a temperature incline between liquid and fresh air. Later, the heat moves from the liquid and blends with air.
Then, the refrigerant shifts to the receiver drier or accumulator. The desiccant separates the moisture from the air and refrigerant that causes the formation of a cooler refrigerant while preserving the system.
The refrigerant, already in the cool liquid state, flows into the expansion valve or orifice tube. This process lessens complete fluid pressure and lets it move to the evaporator, which is another part of AC.
The transformed refrigerant will then shift to the evaporator. The air from the car will be drawn into the evaporator and go inside the evaporator core. The refrigerant temperature is cooler as of now and it can change the outside heat into the cold air.
Fans close to the passenger seat assist in blowing the cold air through vents and cool the car’s temperature. This process also separates moisture from the air and lets you enjoy fresh and dry air. Because the liquid refrigerant in the AC system becomes hotter after working, it reconverts into a gaseous state.
This hot and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant again spreads and goes back to the compressor. This way the new cycle takes place and you avail yourself of the cool, dry and fresh air.
If your AC is not functioning accordingly, then you should get it checked.
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